• The CO chemosensitivity of the LH PFA has been shown

  2021-11-10

  

  The CO2 chemosensitivity of the LH/PFA has been shown to be dependent on sleep-wake states (B.S. Deng et al., 2007; Dias et al., 2010, 2009; Li et al., 2013). In this context, it was demonstrated that focal acidification of the LH/PFA, by microdialysis of acidic artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF)

• br Conflict of interest statement br Acknowledgements

  2021-11-10

  

  Conflict of interest statement Acknowledgements Introduction Galanin is a multi-functional neuropeptide that is widely distributed in the neuroendocrine system and peripheral tissues of various species. This 29-amino-acid peptide (30 in humans) is proteolytically processed from its precurso

• Encouraged by the observation obtained from region

  2021-11-10

  

  Encouraged by the observation obtained from region A, we selected the structure of 1 as the next template to successively pursue the SAR on regions B-D of 1 (lower side of Fig. 2). Next, we turned attention to the external aromatic ring of 1 to verify the impact on the antagonistic activity and prep

• In conclusion our results showed

  2021-11-10

  

  In conclusion, our results showed that FFAR1 can mediate the effect of PIO in attenuating β-cell lipoapoptosis through anti-oxidative stress, which may be related to the activation of the PLCγ-ERK1/2-PPARγ pathway. Our study helps not only to distinguish the role played by FFAR1 in lipotoxicity, but

• corticotropin-releasing factor Introduction Terpenoids also

  2021-11-10

  

  Introduction Terpenoids, also known as isoprenoids, constitute a large family of natural products comprising at least 22,000 compounds and play diverse and important roles in plants as hormones, phytosynthetic pigments, and electron carriers [1], [2]. In addition, volatilized terpenoids contribute

• The endocannabinoid system ECS consists of

  2021-11-09

  

  The endocannabinoid system (ECS) consists of cannabinoid (CB)1 and CB2 receptors, their endogenous ligands anandamide and 2-arachidonylglycerol, and the synthesizing and degrading enzymes for these ligands. Cannabinoids and the ECS are involved in the regulation of GI motility in physiological and p

• Adenosine triphosphatase ATP is a signaling molecule

  2021-11-09

  

  Adenosine triphosphatase (ATP) is a signaling molecule in acute pain and chronic pain(Burnstock, 2009, Burnstock, 2013, Burnstock, 2014, Chizh and Illes, 2001). It is also known that presynaptic A1 receptors are involved in the inhibition of transmitter release (Vizi and Knoll, 1976). Extracellular

• br Endogenous lipids as SLC

  2021-11-09

  

  Endogenous lipids as SLC6 transporter modulators Lipids constitute part of the environment in which membrane-embedded transporters operate [62]. Endogenous lipids can act as inhibitory ligands [63] or functionally important components of the membrane that impart changes in transporter structure [

• In this study we examined

  2021-11-09

  

  In this study, we examined whether zebrafish ionocytes might also share other types of similarity in transport function with kidney cells. In addition to ion transport, mammalian kidney chemical library also play key roles in xenobiotic elimination, through the action of ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) t

• In conclusi http www apexbt com media diy

  2021-11-09

  

  In conclusion, Glu transactions in glia cells are mediated through Glu receptors and transporters. From a biochemical perspective, the specificity of the cascades has started to be elucidated. A model of our present findings is depicted in Fig. 6. Acknowledgements This work was supported by Gran

• br Acknowledgements This work is supported by the Cognitive

  2021-11-09

  

  Acknowledgements This work is supported by the Cognitive Sciences and Technologies Council of Iran (CSTC, Grant No. 95P31), the Iran National Science Foundation (INSF) and the Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. The authors wish to thank Dr. Ayat Kaeidi for his

• info br Acknowledgments This research was supported by a gra

  2021-11-09

  

  Acknowledgments This research was supported by a grant from the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korean Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI), funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (grant number: HI17C0616). Dr. Jun-Mo Yang was supported by the Natio

• Ketamine has recently been found

  2021-11-09

  

  Ketamine has recently been found to exert rapid and sustained antidepressant effect. Single dose ketamine can have an efficacy of up to 1 week [20]. Furthermore, ketamine is an effective drug against refractory depression [21,22]. The antidepressant mechanism of ketamine is still unclear. Whether C

• The caseins are a family of milk phosphoproteins whose biolo

  2021-11-09

  

  The caseins are a family of milk phosphoproteins whose biological function is to provide supersaturating concentrations of calcium, phosphates, and essential 5823 receptor to the neonate (Vonderhaar and Ziska, 1989). α- and β-caseins, the most abundant of the milk caseins, are described as calcium

• br Funding This work was supported

  2021-11-09

  

  Funding This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (RO1DK097550 to JT, RO1AG046619 to WAB and TS, and T32AG000057 to EMR, and T32DK007012 to SG) and by the Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System Research and Development. Introduction In mammals, two isoforms of grow

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